Security

Women in Combat: Bad for Military Effectiveness?

Militaries have increasingly opened combat roles to women, but critics warn this will lower standards and effectiveness. Historical evidence suggests integrating women into combat roles would not impact effectiveness, and perhaps even increase it under certain circumstances.   From the Biblical prophet-general Deborah, to anti-Roman rebel queen Boudica, to Soviet sniper ace Lyudmila Pavlichenko, history […]

Risk-Limiting Audits: A Statistical Method to Ensure Election Quality

Electronic voting systems are subject to glitches and cyberattacks. Paper-based voting systems require an onerous hand-count to check results. Fortunately, an alternative is emerging. Risk-limiting audits use statistical methods to determine the smallest number of ballots needed to review in order to audit elections efficiently and reliably. On February 3, the 2020 Presidential Election officially […]